An intellectual movement that emerged in the 18th century, known as the Enlightenment, which emphasized reason and logic in challenging traditional authority and promoting individual rights.
The Enlightenment can be compared to a teenager questioning their parents' rules and seeking independence. Just like how teenagers challenge traditional authority to assert their own individuality, intellectuals during the Enlightenment challenged traditional beliefs and sought new ways of thinking.
Rationalism: Emphasized the power of reason and logical thinking in understanding the world.
Secularism: Advocated for separation of religion from government and public life.
Social contract theory: Proposed that individuals willingly enter into a social contract with their government, surrendering some freedoms in exchange for protection and security.
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