Ceuta

Strait of Gibraltar: The narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa. Its control has been historically important for trade and military purposes.

Encomienda System: A labor system instituted by Spanish crown during colonization where Spanish settlers were granted authority over indigenous populations in exchange for promise to Christianize them.

Treaty of Tordesillas: An agreement between Spain and Portugal in 1494 which divided newly discovered lands outside Europe between two countries along a meridian line.